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build: fix windows build
author Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
date Thu, 20 Jun 2024 07:39:01 -0400
parents 1faa72660932
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 <img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/156254208-f5b743a9-88cf-439d-b0c0-923d53e8d551.png" alt="{fmt}" width="25%"/>
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2
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3 [![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/linux/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Alinux)
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4 [![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/macos/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Amacos)
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5 [![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Awindows)
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6 [![fmt is continuously fuzzed at oss-fuzz](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/fmt.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?\%0Acolspec=ID%20Type%20Component%20Status%20Proj%20Reported%20Owner%20\%0ASummary&q=proj%3Dfmt&can=1)
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7 [![Ask questions at StackOverflow with the tag fmt](https://img.shields.io/badge/stackoverflow-fmt-blue.svg)](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fmt)
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8 [![image](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/fmtlib/fmt/badge)](https://securityscorecards.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/fmtlib/fmt)
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9
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10 **{fmt}** is an open-source formatting library providing a fast and safe
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11 alternative to C stdio and C++ iostreams.
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12
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13 If you like this project, please consider donating to one of the funds
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14 that help victims of the war in Ukraine: <https://www.stopputin.net/>.
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15
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16 [Documentation](https://fmt.dev)
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17
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18 [Cheat Sheets](https://hackingcpp.com/cpp/libs/fmt.html)
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19
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20 Q&A: ask questions on [StackOverflow with the tag
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21 fmt](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fmt).
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22
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23 Try {fmt} in [Compiler Explorer](https://godbolt.org/z/Eq5763).
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24
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25 # Features
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26
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27 - Simple [format API](https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html) with positional
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28 arguments for localization
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29 - Implementation of [C++20
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30 std::format](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format) and
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31 [C++23 std::print](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/print)
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32 - [Format string syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax.html) similar
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33 to Python\'s
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34 [format](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format)
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35 - Fast IEEE 754 floating-point formatter with correct rounding,
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36 shortness and round-trip guarantees using the
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37 [Dragonbox](https://github.com/jk-jeon/dragonbox) algorithm
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38 - Portable Unicode support
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39 - Safe [printf
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40 implementation](https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#printf-formatting)
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41 including the POSIX extension for positional arguments
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42 - Extensibility: [support for user-defined
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43 types](https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#formatting-user-defined-types)
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44 - High performance: faster than common standard library
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45 implementations of `(s)printf`, iostreams, `to_string` and
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46 `to_chars`, see [Speed tests](#speed-tests) and [Converting a
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47 hundred million integers to strings per
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48 second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html)
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49 - Small code size both in terms of source code with the minimum
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50 configuration consisting of just three files, `core.h`, `format.h`
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51 and `format-inl.h`, and compiled code; see [Compile time and code
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52 bloat](#compile-time-and-code-bloat)
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53 - Reliability: the library has an extensive set of
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54 [tests](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/tree/master/test) and is
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55 [continuously fuzzed](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?colspec=ID%20Type%20Component%20Status%20Proj%20Reported%20Owner%20Summary&q=proj%3Dfmt&can=1)
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56 - Safety: the library is fully type-safe, errors in format strings can
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57 be reported at compile time, automatic memory management prevents
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58 buffer overflow errors
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59 - Ease of use: small self-contained code base, no external
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60 dependencies, permissive MIT
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61 [license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE.rst)
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62 - [Portability](https://fmt.dev/latest/index.html#portability) with
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63 consistent output across platforms and support for older compilers
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64 - Clean warning-free codebase even on high warning levels such as
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65 `-Wall -Wextra -pedantic`
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66 - Locale independence by default
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67 - Optional header-only configuration enabled with the
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68 `FMT_HEADER_ONLY` macro
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69
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70 See the [documentation](https://fmt.dev) for more details.
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71
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72 # Examples
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73
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74 **Print to stdout** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Tevcjh))
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75
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76 ``` c++
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77 #include <fmt/core.h>
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78
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79 int main() {
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80 fmt::print("Hello, world!\n");
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81 }
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82 ```
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83
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84 **Format a string** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/oK8h33))
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85
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86 ``` c++
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87 std::string s = fmt::format("The answer is {}.", 42);
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88 // s == "The answer is 42."
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89 ```
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90
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91 **Format a string using positional arguments**
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92 ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Yn7Txe))
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93
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94 ``` c++
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95 std::string s = fmt::format("I'd rather be {1} than {0}.", "right", "happy");
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96 // s == "I'd rather be happy than right."
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97 ```
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98
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99 **Print dates and times** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/c31ExdY3W))
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100
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101 ``` c++
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102 #include <fmt/chrono.h>
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103
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104 int main() {
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105 auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
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106 fmt::print("Date and time: {}\n", now);
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107 fmt::print("Time: {:%H:%M}\n", now);
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108 }
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109 ```
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110
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111 Output:
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112
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113 Date and time: 2023-12-26 19:10:31.557195597
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114 Time: 19:10
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115
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116 **Print a container** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/MxM1YqjE7))
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117
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118 ``` c++
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119 #include <vector>
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120 #include <fmt/ranges.h>
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121
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122 int main() {
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123 std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
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124 fmt::print("{}\n", v);
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125 }
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126 ```
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127
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128 Output:
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129
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130 [1, 2, 3]
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131
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132 **Check a format string at compile time**
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133
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134 ``` c++
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135 std::string s = fmt::format("{:d}", "I am not a number");
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136 ```
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137
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138 This gives a compile-time error in C++20 because `d` is an invalid
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139 format specifier for a string.
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140
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141 **Write a file from a single thread**
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142
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143 ``` c++
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144 #include <fmt/os.h>
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145
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146 int main() {
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147 auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
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148 out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
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149 }
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150 ```
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151
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152 This can be [5 to 9 times faster than
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153 fprintf](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/08/04/optimal-file-buffer-size.html).
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154
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155 **Print with colors and text styles**
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156
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157 ``` c++
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158 #include <fmt/color.h>
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159
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160 int main() {
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161 fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::crimson) | fmt::emphasis::bold,
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162 "Hello, {}!\n", "world");
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163 fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::floral_white) | bg(fmt::color::slate_gray) |
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164 fmt::emphasis::underline, "Olá, {}!\n", "Mundo");
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165 fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::steel_blue) | fmt::emphasis::italic,
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166 "你好{}！\n", "世界");
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167 }
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168 ```
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169
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170 Output on a modern terminal with Unicode support:
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171
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172 ![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/assets/%0A576385/2a93c904-d6fa-4aa6-b453-2618e1c327d7)
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173
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174 # Benchmarks
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175
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176 ## Speed tests
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177
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178 | Library | Method | Run Time, s |
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179 |-------------------|---------------|-------------|
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180 | libc | printf | 0.91 |
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181 | libc++ | std::ostream | 2.49 |
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182 | {fmt} 9.1 | fmt::print | 0.74 |
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183 | Boost Format 1.80 | boost::format | 6.26 |
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184 | Folly Format | folly::format | 1.87 |
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185
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186 {fmt} is the fastest of the benchmarked methods, \~20% faster than
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187 `printf`.
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188
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189 The above results were generated by building `tinyformat_test.cpp` on
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190 macOS 12.6.1 with `clang++ -O3 -DNDEBUG -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT`, and
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191 taking the best of three runs. In the test, the format string
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192 `"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"` or equivalent is filled 2,000,000
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193 times with output sent to `/dev/null`; for further details refer to the
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194 [source](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/src/tinyformat-test.cc).
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195
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196 {fmt} is up to 20-30x faster than `std::ostringstream` and `sprintf` on
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197 IEEE754 `float` and `double` formatting
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198 ([dtoa-benchmark](https://github.com/fmtlib/dtoa-benchmark)) and faster
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199 than [double-conversion](https://github.com/google/double-conversion)
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200 and [ryu](https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu):
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201
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202 [![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/95684665-11719600-0ba8-11eb-8e5b-972ff4e49428.png)](https://fmt.dev/unknown_mac64_clang12.0.html)
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203
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204 ## Compile time and code bloat
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205
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206 The script
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207 [bloat-test.py](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/bloat-test.py)
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208 from [format-benchmark](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark)
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209 tests compile time and code bloat for nontrivial projects. It generates
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210 100 translation units and uses `printf()` or its alternative five times
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211 in each to simulate a medium-sized project. The resulting executable
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212 size and compile time (Apple LLVM version 8.1.0 (clang-802.0.42), macOS
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213 Sierra, best of three) is shown in the following tables.
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214
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215 **Optimized build (-O3)**
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216
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217 | Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
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218 |---------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
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219 | printf | 2.6 | 29 | 26 |
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220 | printf+string | 16.4 | 29 | 26 |
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221 | iostreams | 31.1 | 59 | 55 |
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222 | {fmt} | 19.0 | 37 | 34 |
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223 | Boost Format | 91.9 | 226 | 203 |
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224 | Folly Format | 115.7 | 101 | 88 |
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225
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226 As you can see, {fmt} has 60% less overhead in terms of resulting binary
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227 code size compared to iostreams and comes pretty close to `printf`.
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228 Boost Format and Folly Format have the largest overheads.
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229
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230 `printf+string` is the same as `printf` but with an extra `<string>`
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231 include to measure the overhead of the latter.
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232
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233 **Non-optimized build**
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234
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235 | Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
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236 |---------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
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237 | printf | 2.2 | 33 | 30 |
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238 | printf+string | 16.0 | 33 | 30 |
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239 | iostreams | 28.3 | 56 | 52 |
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240 | {fmt} | 18.2 | 59 | 50 |
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241 | Boost Format | 54.1 | 365 | 303 |
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242 | Folly Format | 79.9 | 445 | 430 |
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243
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244 `libc`, `lib(std)c++`, and `libfmt` are all linked as shared libraries
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245 to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format is a
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246 header-only library so it doesn\'t provide any linkage options.
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247
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248 ## Running the tests
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249
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250 Please refer to [Building the
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251 library](https://fmt.dev/latest/usage.html#building-the-library) for
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252 instructions on how to build the library and run the unit tests.
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253
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254 Benchmarks reside in a separate repository,
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255 [format-benchmarks](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark), so to
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256 run the benchmarks you first need to clone this repository and generate
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257 Makefiles with CMake:
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258
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259 $ git clone --recursive https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark.git
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260 $ cd format-benchmark
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261 $ cmake .
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262
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263 Then you can run the speed test:
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264
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265 $ make speed-test
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266
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267 or the bloat test:
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268
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269 $ make bloat-test
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270
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271 # Migrating code
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272
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273 [clang-tidy](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) v17 (not yet
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274 released) provides the
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275 [modernize-use-std-print](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/modernize/use-std-print.html)
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276 check that is capable of converting occurrences of `printf` and
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277 `fprintf` to `fmt::print` if configured to do so. (By default it
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278 converts to `std::print`.)
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279
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280 # Notable projects using this library
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281
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282 - [0 A.D.](https://play0ad.com/): a free, open-source, cross-platform
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283 real-time strategy game
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284 - [AMPL/MP](https://github.com/ampl/mp): an open-source library for
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285 mathematical programming
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
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286 - [Apple's FoundationDB](https://github.com/apple/foundationdb): an open-source,
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287 distributed, transactional key-value store
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288 - [Aseprite](https://github.com/aseprite/aseprite): animated sprite
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
289 editor & pixel art tool
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
290 - [AvioBook](https://www.aviobook.aero/en): a comprehensive aircraft
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
291 operations suite
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
292 - [Blizzard Battle.net](https://battle.net/): an online gaming
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
293 platform
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
294 - [Celestia](https://celestia.space/): real-time 3D visualization of
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
295 space
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
296 - [Ceph](https://ceph.com/): a scalable distributed storage system
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
297 - [ccache](https://ccache.dev/): a compiler cache
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
298 - [ClickHouse](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse): an
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
299 analytical database management system
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
300 - [Contour](https://github.com/contour-terminal/contour/): a modern
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
301 terminal emulator
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
302 - [CUAUV](https://cuauv.org/): Cornell University\'s autonomous
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
303 underwater vehicle
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
304 - [Drake](https://drake.mit.edu/): a planning, control, and analysis
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
305 toolbox for nonlinear dynamical systems (MIT)
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
306 - [Envoy](https://lyft.github.io/envoy/): C++ L7 proxy and
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
307 communication bus (Lyft)
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
308 - [FiveM](https://fivem.net/): a modification framework for GTA V
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
309 - [fmtlog](https://github.com/MengRao/fmtlog): a performant
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
310 fmtlib-style logging library with latency in nanoseconds
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
311 - [Folly](https://github.com/facebook/folly): Facebook open-source
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
312 library
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
313 - [GemRB](https://gemrb.org/): a portable open-source implementation
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
314 of Bioware's Infinity Engine
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
315 - [Grand Mountain
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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316 Adventure](https://store.steampowered.com/app/1247360/Grand_Mountain_Adventure/):
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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317 a beautiful open-world ski & snowboarding game
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
318 - [HarpyWar/pvpgn](https://github.com/pvpgn/pvpgn-server): Player vs
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
319 Player Gaming Network with tweaks
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
320 - [KBEngine](https://github.com/kbengine/kbengine): an open-source
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
321 MMOG server engine
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
322 - [Keypirinha](https://keypirinha.com/): a semantic launcher for
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
323 Windows
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
324 - [Kodi](https://kodi.tv/) (formerly xbmc): home theater software
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
325 - [Knuth](https://kth.cash/): high-performance Bitcoin full-node
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
326 - [libunicode](https://github.com/contour-terminal/libunicode/): a
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
327 modern C++17 Unicode library
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
328 - [MariaDB](https://mariadb.org/): relational database management
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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329 system
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
330 - [Microsoft Verona](https://github.com/microsoft/verona): research
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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331 programming language for concurrent ownership
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
332 - [MongoDB](https://mongodb.com/): distributed document database
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
333 - [MongoDB Smasher](https://github.com/duckie/mongo_smasher): a small
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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334 tool to generate randomized datasets
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
335 - [OpenSpace](https://openspaceproject.com/): an open-source
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
336 astrovisualization framework
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
337 - [PenUltima Online (POL)](https://www.polserver.com/): an MMO server,
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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338 compatible with most Ultima Online clients
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
339 - [PyTorch](https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch): an open-source
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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340 machine learning library
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
341 - [quasardb](https://www.quasardb.net/): a distributed,
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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342 high-performance, associative database
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
343 - [Quill](https://github.com/odygrd/quill): asynchronous low-latency
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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344 logging library
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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345 - [QKW](https://github.com/ravijanjam/qkw): generalizing aliasing to
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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346 simplify navigation, and executing complex multi-line terminal
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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347 command sequences
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
348 - [redis-cerberus](https://github.com/HunanTV/redis-cerberus): a Redis
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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349 cluster proxy
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
350 - [redpanda](https://vectorized.io/redpanda): a 10x faster Kafka®
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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351 replacement for mission-critical systems written in C++
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
352 - [rpclib](http://rpclib.net/): a modern C++ msgpack-RPC server and
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
353 client library
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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354 - [Salesforce Analytics
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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355 Cloud](https://www.salesforce.com/analytics-cloud/overview/):
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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356 business intelligence software
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
357 - [Scylla](https://www.scylladb.com/): a Cassandra-compatible NoSQL
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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358 data store that can handle 1 million transactions per second on a
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
359 single server
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
360 - [Seastar](http://www.seastar-project.org/): an advanced, open-source
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
361 C++ framework for high-performance server applications on modern
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
362 hardware
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
363 - [spdlog](https://github.com/gabime/spdlog): super fast C++ logging
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
364 library
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
365 - [Stellar](https://www.stellar.org/): financial platform
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
366 - [Touch Surgery](https://www.touchsurgery.com/): surgery simulator
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
367 - [TrinityCore](https://github.com/TrinityCore/TrinityCore):
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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368 open-source MMORPG framework
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
369 - [🐙 userver framework](https://userver.tech/): open-source
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
370 asynchronous framework with a rich set of abstractions and database
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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371 drivers
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
372 - [Windows Terminal](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal): the new
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
373 Windows terminal
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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374
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
375 [More\...](https://github.com/search?q=fmtlib&type=Code)
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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376
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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377 If you are aware of other projects using this library, please let me
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
378 know by [email](mailto:victor.zverovich@gmail.com) or by submitting an
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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379 [issue](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues).
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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380
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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381 # Motivation
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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382
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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383 So why yet another formatting library?
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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384
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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385 There are plenty of methods for doing this task, from standard ones like
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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386 the printf family of function and iostreams to Boost Format and
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
387 FastFormat libraries. The reason for creating a new library is that
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
388 every existing solution that I found either had serious issues or
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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389 didn\'t provide all the features I needed.
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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390
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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391 ## printf
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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392
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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393 The good thing about `printf` is that it is pretty fast and readily
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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394 available being a part of the C standard library. The main drawback is
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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395 that it doesn\'t support user-defined types. `printf` also has safety
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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396 issues although they are somewhat mitigated with [\_\_attribute\_\_
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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397 ((format (printf,
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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398 \...))](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html) in
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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399 GCC. There is a POSIX extension that adds positional arguments required
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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400 for
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
401 [i18n](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization)
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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402 to `printf` but it is not a part of C99 and may not be available on some
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
403 platforms.
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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404
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
405 ## iostreams
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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406
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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407 The main issue with iostreams is best illustrated with an example:
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
408
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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409 ``` c++
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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410 std::cout << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << 1.23456 << "\n";
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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411 ```
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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412
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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413 which is a lot of typing compared to printf:
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
414
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
415 ``` c++
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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416 printf("%.2f\n", 1.23456);
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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417 ```
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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418
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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419 Matthew Wilson, the author of FastFormat, called this \"chevron hell\".
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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420 iostreams don\'t support positional arguments by design.
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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421
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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422 The good part is that iostreams support user-defined types and are safe
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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423 although error handling is awkward.
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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424
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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425 ## Boost Format
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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426
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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427 This is a very powerful library that supports both `printf`-like format
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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428 strings and positional arguments. Its main drawback is performance.
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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429 According to various benchmarks, it is much slower than other methods
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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430 considered here. Boost Format also has excessive build times and severe
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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431 code bloat issues (see [Benchmarks](#benchmarks)).
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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432
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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433 ## FastFormat
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
parents:
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434
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435 This is an interesting library that is fast, safe, and has positional
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436 arguments. However, it has significant limitations, citing its author:
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437
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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438 > Three features that have no hope of being accommodated within the
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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439 > current design are:
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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440 >
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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441 > - Leading zeros (or any other non-space padding)
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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442 > - Octal/hexadecimal encoding
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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443 > - Runtime width/alignment specification
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444
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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445 It is also quite big and has a heavy dependency, STLSoft, which might be
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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446 too restrictive for using it in some projects.
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447
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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448 ## Boost Spirit.Karma
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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449
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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450 This is not a formatting library but I decided to include it here for
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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451 completeness. As iostreams, it suffers from the problem of mixing
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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452 verbatim text with arguments. The library is pretty fast, but slower on
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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453 integer formatting than `fmt::format_to` with format string compilation
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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454 on Karma\'s own benchmark, see [Converting a hundred million integers to
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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455 strings per
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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456 second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html).
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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457
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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458 # License
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459
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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460 {fmt} is distributed under the MIT
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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461 [license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE).
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462
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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463 # Documentation License
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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464
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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465 The [Format String Syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax.html) section
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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466 in the documentation is based on the one from Python [string module
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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467 documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#module-string).
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468 For this reason, the documentation is distributed under the Python
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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469 Software Foundation license available in
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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470 [doc/python-license.txt](https://raw.github.com/fmtlib/fmt/master/doc/python-license.txt).
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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471 It only applies if you distribute the documentation of {fmt}.
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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472
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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473 # Maintainers
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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474
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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475 The {fmt} library is maintained by Victor Zverovich
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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476 ([vitaut](https://github.com/vitaut)) with contributions from many other
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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477 people. See
1faa72660932 *: transfer back to cmake from autotools
Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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478 [Contributors](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/graphs/contributors) and
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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479 [Releases](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases) for some of the
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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480 names. Let us know if your contribution is not listed or mentioned
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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481 incorrectly and we\'ll make it right.
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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482
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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483 # Security Policy
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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484
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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485 To report a security issue, please disclose it at [security
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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486 advisory](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/security/advisories/new).
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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487
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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488 This project is maintained by a team of volunteers on a
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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489 reasonable-effort basis. As such, please give us at least 90 days to
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Paper <paper@paper.us.eu.org>
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490 work on a fix before public exposure.